Pattern awareness

Common Online Scam Types

No single clue proves fraud. Look for combinations of pressure, secrecy, impersonation, unverified claims, and unusual payment demands.

Digital assets

Cryptocurrency Scams

Fraudsters may promote fake trading platforms, demand wallet transfers, or claim taxes and fees must be paid before a withdrawal.

Warning signs

  • Guaranteed returns or risk-free trading
  • Requests for seed phrases or private keys
  • More payments required to release funds
Financial claims

Investment Scams

Polished dashboards and fabricated gains can create the appearance of a real account while withdrawals remain blocked.

Warning signs

  • Pressure to act before a “limited” opportunity closes
  • Unlicensed sellers or unverifiable registrations
  • Payments to personal or unrelated accounts
Relationship trust

Romance Scams

A new online relationship may develop quickly before requests arise for emergencies, travel, investments, or account help.

Warning signs

  • Repeated reasons not to meet or video call
  • Requests for secrecy
  • Money requests linked to emotional pressure
False authority

Government Impersonation Scams

Scammers may imitate agencies and threaten arrest, deportation, tax penalties, or loss of benefits unless immediate payment is made.

Warning signs

  • Payment demanded by gift card, crypto, or wire
  • Threats designed to prevent verification
  • Caller ID or documents treated as proof
Device access

Technology Support Scams

Pop-ups or callers falsely claim a device is compromised and ask for remote access, payments, or account credentials.

Warning signs

  • Unsolicited security alerts with phone numbers
  • Remote-control software requests
  • Instructions to move money to a “safe” account
Business payments

Business Email Compromise

An attacker impersonates a vendor, executive, or colleague to change payment instructions or obtain sensitive records.

Warning signs

  • Last-minute account changes
  • Look-alike email domains
  • Requests that bypass normal approval processes
Retail

Online Shopping Scams

Fake stores and marketplace listings use copied photos, extreme discounts, and payment methods with limited protections.

Warning signs

  • New domains with little verifiable history
  • No working return address or policy
  • Payment only by wire, gift card, or crypto
Employment

Job and Task Scams

Fake recruiters offer simple remote work, send counterfeit checks, or require deposits to unlock earnings.

Warning signs

  • Paying to receive work or equipment
  • Interviews conducted only by text
  • Depositing a check and forwarding funds
Repeat targeting

Recovery Scams

Fraudsters contact prior victims, claim funds are located, and demand taxes, verification charges, or wallet access.

Warning signs

  • Guaranteed tracing or recovery
  • Claims of secret government contacts
  • Upfront payments before any verifiable service
Personal information

Identity Theft

Stolen personal information can be used to open accounts, redirect benefits, file returns, or impersonate a consumer.

Warning signs

  • Unknown accounts or credit inquiries
  • Unexpected password-reset notices
  • Missing mail or unfamiliar benefit activity

A label is only a starting point

More than one pattern may apply. Preserve what happened and use the response guide to organize next steps.

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